In ancient times, marching in battle to pay attention to "the time of day, geography, and people" are all important to the outcome of the incident. As a natural condition, the time of day cannot be changed by an individual. Since he is powerless to change, he can honestly conform to it. This principle also applies to the construction of photovoltaic power plants in rural areas.
In the past few years, photovoltaic power plants have emerged in various forms in the rural areas, such as complementary agriculture and solar power, village-level poverty alleviation power stations, complementary fisheries and light, complementary forest light, and so on. Popular photovoltaic power stations are built in greenhouses, and some power stations are built in rural areas. The swamps, mudflats, and wastelands, as well as power stations, are built into rural rivers and amber. The construction environment is complex and diverse. For a power plant that is scientifically reasonable and can sustain stable returns, natural conditions are the main considerations before design.
In view of the complexity of the construction targets of photovoltaic power plants, it is necessary to consider the four factors of local solar energy radiation quantity, address conditions, prefecture market conditions and weather conditions.
First, consider the local solar radiation is the guarantee of the benefits of photovoltaic power plants. Photovoltaic power plants, as the name suggests, cannot be separated from the light. If there is not enough light to build a power station, it is not worth the candle. Before the construction of the power station, it is necessary to fully consider the distribution of the local solar energy resources. The photovoltaic power station should be built in areas with sufficient sunshine. When designing, we can refer to the criteria for dividing solar energy resources in China. Generally more than three types of areas can be built.
Second, geological factors are one of the important considerations when selecting a site. The superiority of geological conditions directly affects the size of the initial investment quota of the power station. If the photovoltaic power station is built in an area with poor address conditions, the safety of the power station will become one of the hidden dangers. It may be that the pre-investment of the power station is destroyed because of geological changes. In one moment.
Geological factors We must consider these points. First of all, the location of photovoltaic power stations should be built in regions where the basic earthquake intensity is less than 9 degrees. Earthquake safety assessment should be conducted for stations above 9 degrees. Seismic standards can refer to GB18306-2001 "China Earthquake Parameters Zoning Map" and GB18306-2001 "China Earthquake Peak Acceleration Zoning Map".
Secondly, in order to avoid geological disasters when the power station is selected, the construction of photovoltaic power stations in rural areas is different for land use and other projects. The relevant departments clearly issued a document and made explicit instructions on the use of photovoltaic power generation land. Gobi, desert, and desert grassland can be used. Unused land such as beaches, tidal flats, and floodplains cannot occupy farmland for agricultural purposes. Then the problem came, these local geological factors are complex, and there may be potential risks such as dangerous rocks, mudslides, landslides, etc. Therefore, these factors should be considered in advance, comprehensive evaluation should be made, and preventive measures should be made as soon as possible.
Third, the terrain conditions. Photovoltaic power plants should be located in areas with flat terrain or low slopes in the north and south. Slope roof photovoltaic power station buildings, the main orientation should be south or near the south, should avoid the obstruction of the battery components around the obstacles.
For fishery-light complementary projects, the flood control standards should be higher than normal, and the impact of wind, waves, and tides must also be taken into account, and a wave height of 50 years should be added. When a station is built in a region dominated by internal guilt, the height of the top of the dyke of the flood control embankment should be designed as a water level within 50 years. If there is a drainage facility, then a safe ultra-high channel with a water depth of 0.5 meters will be used. In addition, for the photovoltaic power stations in the mountainous areas, measures to prevent floods and flood discharges should be considered. In the summer of 2016, due to rain, because the system company neglected the impact of floods during its design, many photovoltaic power stations were flooded and lost tens of millions. This is a lesson from blood.
Fourth, weather conditions. For photovoltaic power plants, the meteorological conditions directly affect the work efficiency of the power station. Therefore, the selection of the power station should be based on the weather conditions of a lot of sunny days and more drought and less rain as the basic meteorological conditions for site selection. If the area is in rainy weather for long periods of time, snow, ice, lightning strikes, and bird droppings, photovoltaic power generation efficiency will be seriously affected.
Solar radiation quantity, geological conditions, topography conditions, and meteorological conditions are important factors affecting photovoltaic power stations. If one of them is neglected, it may have a significant impact on photovoltaic power plants. Therefore, it is necessary to take early consideration and plan and design well to ensure that the power station The stable, safe and efficient operation.
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