Snake bite emergency knowledge

Snakes are mainly distributed in Hunan viper, coral snake and three kinds acutus. Snake bites are more common in summer and autumn. The poisonous glands in the mouth of poisonous snakes are connected to the fangs through detoxification tubes. When the snake bites, the snake toxins in the poison glands are injected into human tissues. According to its nature, snake venom can be divided into three categories : neurotoxic, blood-borne, and mixed-toxic.

Emergency points >>>

Poisonous snake features

● Bound the injured limb. The injured person should immediately sit or lie down, lower the bitten limb, and quickly tie the proximal end of the wound with a string such as a shoelace or belt. If the finger is bitten, the root can be tied ; the palm or forearm is bitten. The injury can be tied to the elbow ; the toe can be bitten to bind the toe root ; the foot or calf can be tied under the knee ; the thigh can be tied to the thigh. Then squeeze around the wound with a hand, or use a tool to remove the venom from the body. The lashing area should be loosened for 1 to 2 minutes every 15 to 30 minutes , and the lashing time should not exceed 2 hours, so as to avoid limb ischemic necrosis.

● Clean the wound. Immediately rinse the wound and surrounding skin with cool water, spring water, soapy water or a 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution and wash off the wound surface venom.

● Cut the wound detoxification. If there are residual toxic teeth in the wound, they should be picked out quickly. Use other sharp objects such as a knife or broken glass ( best to be sterilized by fire before use ) . Make a cross cut with the tooth mark as the center, deepen the skin subcutaneously, then use the hand. Repeatedly squeezing from the proximal end of the limb to the direction of the wound and around the wound, causing the venom to be excreted from the incised wound, flushing the wound with clean water while squeezing it, and washing and detoxifying for 20-30 minutes. Afterwards, if you carry a cup with your cup, you can do a cupping treatment on the wound. First light a small piece of paper in the cup, and then quickly fasten the cup to the wound so that the cup is tightly attached to the skin around the wound, using the negative pressure generated in the cup. venom. If there are no teacups, you can also use the mouth to suck wounds to detoxify them, but the sucker's mouth and lips must be undamaged and have no caries, otherwise there is a danger of poisoning. The aspirate venom is then spit out and rinse with clean water.

● Local cooling. After removing the venom, cool the area with cold water. If conditions permit, it is best to first immerse the injured limb in cold water at 4 to 7 degrees Celsius for 3-4 hours. Then use an ice pack instead. Cold towels are applied coldly around the wound to reduce the body's ability to absorb toxins.

● If you have a snake medicine next to you, you can immediately take oral medicine to relieve the poison. When the injured person is thirsty, they can drink water, but do not drink alcohol or drink excitement such as strong tea or coffee.

● Dial 120 emergency phone for help and rush to the hospital for treatment.

Expert Tips >>>

â—† Serpents should be calm after bite, do not panic, do not run, try to keep the wound site immobile, to avoid rapid spread of venom to the body.

â—† Once bitten by a snake. To quickly determine whether it is a snake bite, the first is to look at the snake : Viper's head is mostly a triangle, the body has a color pattern, the tail is short and thin ; non-toxic snake head is mostly oval, body color is monotonous, tail thin and long. It is best to kill the biting snake for diagnostic reference. The second is to look at the wound : the serpent bite wound epidermis often has 1 pair of large and deep tooth marks, or 1 pair of large teeth marks above the 2 small tooth marks, and some large tooth marks even have broken teeth ; non-venomous snake bites There are no teeth marks, or there are 2 symmetrical small tooth marks. If a snake bite occurs

If you can't see the serpent at night, and you can't tell if it was a snake, you mustn't wait for a change in the wound to determine whether it was bitten by a snake. At this point, it must be treated as a poisonous snake bite.

â—† Regular field operators should always prepare venom drugs to prevent accidents.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.