With the increasing variety of pesticides and the importance attached to environmental protection, increasing the utilization rate of pesticides and reducing pesticide residues have become the focus of the society. How can we improve the utilization rate of pesticides?
First, it is necessary to improve the mechanical properties of manual application, change the single status of the spray parts, and promote the replacement of manual sprayers. The sprayer is the determinant of the quality of the atomization and directly affects the deposition of pesticides on the crop. The distribution density of droplets is an important factor related to the control effect. For the same amount of liquid, if the droplet size is reduced by half, the number of droplets obtained can be increased by 8 times. Therefore, relevant government departments and enterprises can cooperate to develop some ideal replacement products for sprayers.
Second, we must implement low-volume application technology to reduce the current amount of liquid applied per mu. The droplets of pesticides that can adhere to the surface of crop leaves are limited. When the amount of spray exceeds a certain limit, the fine droplets on the leaves will condense into large droplets, which will roll off and lose, and the amount of pesticide attached to the leaves will be drastically reduced. . The amount of application liquid in developed countries is generally controlled in the range of 100-300 liters per hectare, less than 1/3 of the amount of application liquid per unit area in China, so the amount of loss is extremely small, and the utilization rate of pesticides is high.
Third, extensive training in pesticide application should be carried out to enable farmers to master scientific methods of application. Mainly let farmers understand the following aspects:
1. Since the manual atomizer adopts the liquid atomization method, it can pass through the distance of 30 cm or more to completely atomize. Therefore, when spraying the pesticide, the distance between the nozzle and the crop must be kept at 30 cm or more, so as to avoid the nozzle close to the crop. Surface spray.
2. When using the conical fog nozzle to spray the operation, the left and right “Zâ€-shaped cross-spray habits should be changed along the forward direction, and the “Zâ€-shaped spray on the one side of the wind should be adopted to ensure that the area where the application personnel are located is medicine-free. Area. At the same time, the fan-type mist nozzle should be used instead of the conical mist nozzle, and the one-side parallel propulsion method should be adopted to improve the uniformity of pesticide distribution. The motorized sprayer adopts a pneumatic atomization method. The farther away from the nozzle, the finer the droplets are, and the general horizontal spray width is more than 8 meters. When spraying pesticides, it is necessary to make full use of its effective spray width, adopt floating spray superposition method to spray, improve work efficiency and control effect, and avoid targeted spray.
3. When working, determine the direction of the nozzle (spray direction), the travel route (trend) of the machine and the order of the field operation (starting direction) according to the wind direction, so that the spray direction and the wind direction are as consistent as possible, and the wind can not be operated.
4. According to the control object and the different growth period of the crop and the occurrence of pests and diseases, the height and angle of the nozzle should be flexibly controlled. At present, the spray methods commonly used by the majority of farmers to cross the direction of the forward direction will reduce the spray width and form turbulent flow, resulting in uneven distribution of the droplets, and the entire working environment will be filled with pesticides, which may easily cause poisoning of the pesticide. Should be avoided.
More pesticide knowledge , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
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