Recently, biosensors based on enzyme single-molecule nanocapsules (SMENs) technology developed by the team of researchers Lu Xianbo and Chen Jiping of the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences have made new progress. The thermal stability of the enzyme sensor, the tolerance of organic solvents, and the tolerance of acids and bases Performance, storage stability and other core performance to achieve qualitative improvement, and the first in the world to apply SMENs technology in the field of analysis and biosensing. Related research results were published in "Biosensors and Bioelectronics".
Enzyme biosensors are miniaturized detection instruments that use enzymes as biologically sensitive primitives and capture the signals generated by the reaction between the target and the enzyme to achieve quantitative determination of the target. However, the enzyme is highly sensitive to the external environment such as temperature, solvent, pH, etc., and the shelf life of the enzyme is very short, which limits the wide application of enzyme biosensors.
The research team used high-stability SMENs technology to solve the stability problem that has long troubled the development of enzyme sensors. The researchers used glucose oxidase (GOx) and tyrosinase (Tyr) as model enzymes respectively, and used simple room temperature in-situ free radical polymerization strategies in water to encapsulate the single molecules of the above enzymes in a porous polymer shell. Inside, developed highly active and highly stable SMENs: glucose oxidase nanocapsules and tyrosinase nanocapsules.
The polymer shell effectively stabilizes the internal GOx and Tyr cores, while the porous network structure realizes the rapid transportation of the substrate, thereby forming a class of new biocatalytic nanocapsules with outstanding activity and stability. The multiple covalent binding between the polymer thin layer and the enzyme molecule enhances the stability of the encased enzyme molecule, as if "enclosing" the enzyme armor provides a good microenvironment for it, avoiding high temperatures and strong acids and bases The structure is denatured and helps to retain the water molecules necessary for enzyme activity during the operation of the organic solvent system. (Reporter Liu Wansheng)
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