The purpose of scientifically modulating feed is to increase feed digestibility and nutritional value, enhance palatability, increase feed intake of livestock and poultry, and fully exploit and utilize as much feed resources as possible. Several simple and easy methods for scientifically modulating feed are introduced.
First, it is short. As the saying goes: "In the grass, three knives, I did not expect to be on the shackles." Straw, sweet potato vine, green hay, straw, etc., must be shortened before feeding. The straw for feeding cattle can be as short as 2 cm to 3 cm, and the length of feeding horses and donkeys is as short as 1 cm to 2 cm; the sweet potato vines fed to pigs are as short as 1 cm to 2 cm. In order to facilitate the chewing and digestion of livestock and poultry, reduce waste, and also facilitate feeding with bran or concentrate.
Second, grinding. Feeding livestock and poultry with raw grain, often wastes feed due to chewing, affecting digestion and absorption. Therefore, when using corn, peas, broad beans, wheat, sorghum, sweet potatoes, etc. as feed, it must be crushed and ground before feeding. The degree of grinding varies depending on the breed of livestock and poultry. Can not be ground too thick, unfavorable digestion; can not be ground too fine, affecting chewing, so that saliva can not be fully mixed with the feed, affecting digestion and absorption.
Third, saute. Stir the yellow beans, peas, and sorghum, and smash them into coarse grains to feed the livestock. After frying, the protein is crispy and coking, which is both palatable and easy to digest. It is also easy to mix and feed into the green coarse feed. The palatability is increased, it is easy to increase, and the material is saved.
Fourth, silage. The green feed is stored in various special silage containers (plastic bags, bottles, tanks, pools), and lactic acid fermentation is carried out under anaerobic conditions to produce lactic acid, which protects the nutrients in the green materials from loss and improves the green feed. Utilization and digestibility.
5. Alkalinization. The crude material was alkalized with 1% lime milk. First put the dry feed (straw grass, wheat straw, dried vine, hay, etc.) into the container (barrel, tank, pool), press the wooden board tightly, pour the prepared lime milk, and limit the water to submerge the feed. Soak for 24 hours, then you can fish out and do not rinse. After the alkali is alkalized, the livestock can fully digest and absorb its nutrients.
Sixth, saccharification. Saccharification and fermentation, adding 3 kg to 5 kg of the prepared koji per 100 kg of crude material, adding 100 kg of water (to be kneaded by hand, not dripping water), stir evenly, put into the cylinder, cover plastic film seal When the temperature rises to about 40 °C, the feed is pressed tightly, sealed, and the temperature is controlled to rise. The feed has the characteristics of acid, sweetness, aroma, softness and ripeness after saccharification, and the livestock and poultry like it.
7. Amination. First cut the coarse material into 2 cm ~ 3 cm, put it into the prepared stone tank or cement pool, and put the ammonia water and the coarse material into layers. Add 15%~17% ammonia water 12 kg per 100 kg of coarse material. After the coarse material is filled up, it is sealed and stored for about 10 days. The remaining ammonia should be volatilized before feeding.
Eight, air dry. After the grass and vines are harvested, they should be air-dried quickly to preserve nutrients. If the water does not evaporate quickly, the enzymes and microorganisms will quickly multiply and directly destroy and consume the nutrients in the feed. However, it cannot be exposed to sunlight for a long time to reduce the loss of carotene and chlorophyll.
9. Using basidiomycete to decompose lignocellulose in the crude material to form bacterial protein and improve feed nutrition. The method is as follows: first cut or crush the crude material, add appropriate amount of water and inorganic nitrogen, inoculate basidiomycetes, and make a large amount. Breeding, forming bacterial proteins. It is a good way to increase the crude protein.
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