The carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine nutrients necessary for crop growth are very different in crops. Several times, hundreds of times or even hundreds of thousands of times. But despite the number and the number, each has its own special role, which is equally important and cannot be replaced by each other. The main physiological functions of nutrients necessary for crop growth and development are as follows: Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen: When photosynthesis is carried out with light energy, crops use carbohydrates, sugars, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Sugar further forms starch, fiber, and is converted into important compounds such as proteins and fats. Oxygen and hydrogen also play an important role in the redox process of crops. Nitrogen: Nitrogen is the main element that makes up proteins, which in turn are essential substances in the composition of cellular protoplasts. Nitrogen is also a major component of chlorophyll, enzymes (biocatalysts), and nucleic acids, vitamins, alkaloids, and the like. Phosphorus: Phosphorus is a component of nucleic acids and nucleotides and is a major component of protoplasts and nucleus. Nucleotides and their derivatives are participants in the transformation and energy conversion of organic matter in crops. Many phospholipid compounds in the crop (a storage form of phosphorus) and many enzyme molecules contain phosphorus, which has an important impact on the metabolic process of the crop. Potassium: Potassium promotes photosynthesis and the ability to activate enzymes, facilitating the synthesis of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. It also has a good effect on the nitrogen metabolism of crops. Calcium: Calcium has a certain effect on the metabolism of carbohydrates and nitrogenous substances in crops, and can eliminate the toxic effects of some ions (such as ammonium, hydrogen, aluminum, sodium) on crops. Calcium is mainly present in the form of calcium pectate in the middle layer of the cell wall, which can enhance the resistance of crops to pests and diseases. Magnesium: Magnesium is a component of chlorophyll and phytate (the storage form of phosphoric acid), which promotes the activation of phosphatase and glucose invertase and facilitates the conversion of monosaccharides, thus playing an important role in the metabolism of carbohydrates. Iron: Iron is an indispensable condition for the formation of chlorophyll, directly or indirectly involved in the formation of chloroplast proteins. Many respiratory enzymes in crops contain iron, which promotes crop respiration and accelerates physiological oxidation. Sulfur: Sulfur is a constituent of amino acids, proteins, vitamins and enzymes. Sulfur is also involved in chlorophyll formation and redox in the body. Boron: Boron is involved in promoting the differentiation of meristems, the development of flowering organs and seed formation. Manganese: Manganese is an activator of enzymes and is closely related to crop photosynthesis, respiration and nitrate reduction. Copper: Copper is the core element of various oxidase activating groups in crops and plays an important role in catalyzing the redox reaction in crops. Copper can increase the stability of chloroplasts. Copper-containing enzymes are involved in the synthesis of proteins. Zinc: Zinc is a component of carbonic anhydrase in crops, which promotes the decomposition of carbonic acid, and is related to crop photosynthetic, respiratory and carbohydrate synthesis and operation. The formation of auxin in crops is also associated with zinc. Molybdenum: Molybdenum is a component of carbonic anhydrase in crops and participates in the reduction process of nitrate nitrogen. Molybdenum also enhances nodule and nitrogen fixation. Chlorine: Chlorine is involved in photosynthesis, regulates the osmotic pressure of cells, and enhances the resistance of crops to certain diseases.
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