Cucumbers in the greenhouse are repeatedly cropped in the facility, and many pests and diseases are often caused, and the losses are serious. In addition to the prevention measures for pests and diseases of cucumber seedlings, and the cultivation of disease-free and strong seedlings, it is also very important to do a good job of pest prevention measures before and after the planting period. Before and after the planting period: the disinfection measures for the planting room space, the greenhouse soil, the organic fertilizer to be applied, the “marriage medicine†and the planting ditch (point) of the transplanted seedlings are as follows:
1. Disinfect the space (frame material) of the shed before planting. 1. Dichlorvos sulphur treatment: 2~3 days before planting, use 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 300~400ml + sulphur powder 2~3kg per acre area, add equal weight sawdust and mix well. In the evening, in a closed shed, a number of dark fires were ignited and smoked overnight, and then planted after the wind was released. It can prevent latent pathogens (dusty mildew) and pests in the shed. 2. Phytophthora smoked: 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent per acre area 200~250 grams, closed in the evening to smoke. It can prevent a variety of fungal diseases such as gray mold, anthrax, white powder and black star. 3. Dichlorvos: Use 22% dichlorvos 30-500 grams per acre, or 500% 80% dichlorvos, add sawdust. In the evening, it was smoked overnight. It can control latent pests such as melon and whitefly. 4. The surface of the shed indoor rod film and other objects can be disinfected by spraying 4 times with 45% dexamethasone or 500% with 50% carbendazim WP.
Second, the soil disinfection in the shed before planting. According to the types of pests and diseases in the soil, targeted soil disinfection is used before planting. In addition to making full use of the tempering high-temperature soil disinfection treatment in the summer heat period of the shed, the disinfection methods that can be used are: 1. Methyl bromide fumigation: 98% methyl bromide in the canned packaging, 50 grams per square meter, for soil sealing Disinfection (strictly follow the operating procedures to prevent poisoning). It can completely prevent root-knot nematodes, a variety of harmful fungal diseases, soil-borne pests and weeds. 2. Formalin fumigation; sprayed on the ploughed soil, sprayed with 15 liters of liquid per 100 square meters of 40% formalin water 100 times, and covered in a timely manner for 5-7 days. After uncovering the film, turn the soil and disperse the taste. It can be colonized after 2 weeks without taste. It can prevent a variety of soil fax bacteria and bacterial sources. 3. Prevention of pesticide disinfection of different fungal diseases: prevention of blight, 50 kg of carbendazim WP 2 kg per mu area, or 1.5 kg of 70% dikesone WP, or 1.5 kg of anti-mildew WP 50 kg of fine soil is mixed and applied to the surface evenly, and then the land is ploughed. To prevent epidemics, use 25% metalaxyl WP 600 times solution, or 72.2% Plex water 800 times solution, or 80% ethyl phosphine aluminum WP 400 times to spray the ground. 1 to 2 liters of water per square meter. To prevent sclerotinia, use 1 kg of 50% pentachloronitrobenzene per acre, mix 20 kg of soil, mix well and spread it, and mix it into the soil. To prevent powdery mildew, use 1% of 70% thiophanate-methyl WP and 50 kg of soil. Applied to the soil at the time of planting. 4. Disinfection of root-knot nematode pesticides: In addition to the application of methyl bromide fumigation, 96% cotton blast (fast-killing) granules can be selected from 5 to 6 kg per mu, mixed with 50 kg of fine soil, uniformly applied and The mixture is mixed into a 20 cm soil layer with a soil moisture content of more than 40%. The soil surface is sprinkled with water or covered with a membrane for 6 to 12 days (depending on the temperature of the soil). After the soil is fully raked, after more than 5 days of ventilation, the medicinal taste can be dispersed. Or use 1 ml of 1.8% avermectin EC per square meter to disinfect the surface of 1 liter of water sprayed on the soil. Or use 10% Fuqi multi-granules before transplanting, 1.5~2.0 kg per acre, evenly spread, and turn over in 20 cm soil layer.
Third, organic fertilizer disinfection. Before the planting, the soil in the shed should be added with organic fertilizer, but the organic fertilizer will bred various sources and sources. Except for full decomposing. Administration preferably 1 to 2 months before, the number of organic fertilizer per cubic meter stand, insecticide spray mixture of 50% phoxim 100 ~ 200g and fungicide carbendazim 50% WP 100 ~ 200g, stack is then prepared.
Fourth, transplanting seedlings "dowry medicine" disinfection: use seedbed seedling characteristics concentrated in before transplanting "dowry medicine," the spraying process, can prevent germs lurking on transplanting seedlings and the latent pests and diseases prevention Huanmiao infection and spread of pests. The use of the dowry medicine is as follows: 1. Preventing a variety of fungal diseases on the seedlings, 7 days before planting, can be used with a mixture of thyroxine (75% chlorothalonil WP and 65% methicillin WP and 25% nail cream) The same amount of the three medicinal WP powders was sprayed on the water 800 times. 2. To prevent bacterial diseases, spray 98% of the original streptomycin powder with water. 3. To prevent viral diseases, spray 3 times of anti-agent 100 times solution, or potassium permanganate 1000 times solution, or 1.5% phytopathic water 1000 times solution before 3 days of planting. In order to control the pests on the seedlings, the insecticide can be killed by applying the symptomatic insecticide to the local seedlings. In order to achieve "free disease and insect free seedlings" colonization.
5. Local disinfection of the planting ditch (point). When the soil at the end of the shed is completely disinfected, the soil in the planting ditch (hole) may be supplemented for local disinfection before planting. 1. Prevention of root knot nematode disease: 1 kg of 1.8% avermectin EC per acre, 500 liters of water is applied to the planting ditch, and then colonized after infiltration. 2. Prevention of blight: a mixture of Jiafu mixture (70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder and 50% thiram double wettable powder) in an amount of 2.5 kg per mu, mixed with 50 kg of fine soil , the back ditch (hole) applied, and mixed with the ditch soil (acupoint soil). It is also possible to use 50% carbendazim WP, or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP, or 50% benzoate WP 1.5 kg, and add 75 kg of fine soil to mix. 3. Prevention of root rot, mixed with more than one enemy per mu (70% dikesone wettable powder and 50% carbendazim WP two powder) 2 kg, mixed with fine soil 50 kg, ditch After the thin soil is towed, the seedlings are planted.
1. Disinfect the space (frame material) of the shed before planting. 1. Dichlorvos sulphur treatment: 2~3 days before planting, use 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 300~400ml + sulphur powder 2~3kg per acre area, add equal weight sawdust and mix well. In the evening, in a closed shed, a number of dark fires were ignited and smoked overnight, and then planted after the wind was released. It can prevent latent pathogens (dusty mildew) and pests in the shed. 2. Phytophthora smoked: 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent per acre area 200~250 grams, closed in the evening to smoke. It can prevent a variety of fungal diseases such as gray mold, anthrax, white powder and black star. 3. Dichlorvos: Use 22% dichlorvos 30-500 grams per acre, or 500% 80% dichlorvos, add sawdust. In the evening, it was smoked overnight. It can control latent pests such as melon and whitefly. 4. The surface of the shed indoor rod film and other objects can be disinfected by spraying 4 times with 45% dexamethasone or 500% with 50% carbendazim WP.
Second, the soil disinfection in the shed before planting. According to the types of pests and diseases in the soil, targeted soil disinfection is used before planting. In addition to making full use of the tempering high-temperature soil disinfection treatment in the summer heat period of the shed, the disinfection methods that can be used are: 1. Methyl bromide fumigation: 98% methyl bromide in the canned packaging, 50 grams per square meter, for soil sealing Disinfection (strictly follow the operating procedures to prevent poisoning). It can completely prevent root-knot nematodes, a variety of harmful fungal diseases, soil-borne pests and weeds. 2. Formalin fumigation; sprayed on the ploughed soil, sprayed with 15 liters of liquid per 100 square meters of 40% formalin water 100 times, and covered in a timely manner for 5-7 days. After uncovering the film, turn the soil and disperse the taste. It can be colonized after 2 weeks without taste. It can prevent a variety of soil fax bacteria and bacterial sources. 3. Prevention of pesticide disinfection of different fungal diseases: prevention of blight, 50 kg of carbendazim WP 2 kg per mu area, or 1.5 kg of 70% dikesone WP, or 1.5 kg of anti-mildew WP 50 kg of fine soil is mixed and applied to the surface evenly, and then the land is ploughed. To prevent epidemics, use 25% metalaxyl WP 600 times solution, or 72.2% Plex water 800 times solution, or 80% ethyl phosphine aluminum WP 400 times to spray the ground. 1 to 2 liters of water per square meter. To prevent sclerotinia, use 1 kg of 50% pentachloronitrobenzene per acre, mix 20 kg of soil, mix well and spread it, and mix it into the soil. To prevent powdery mildew, use 1% of 70% thiophanate-methyl WP and 50 kg of soil. Applied to the soil at the time of planting. 4. Disinfection of root-knot nematode pesticides: In addition to the application of methyl bromide fumigation, 96% cotton blast (fast-killing) granules can be selected from 5 to 6 kg per mu, mixed with 50 kg of fine soil, uniformly applied and The mixture is mixed into a 20 cm soil layer with a soil moisture content of more than 40%. The soil surface is sprinkled with water or covered with a membrane for 6 to 12 days (depending on the temperature of the soil). After the soil is fully raked, after more than 5 days of ventilation, the medicinal taste can be dispersed. Or use 1 ml of 1.8% avermectin EC per square meter to disinfect the surface of 1 liter of water sprayed on the soil. Or use 10% Fuqi multi-granules before transplanting, 1.5~2.0 kg per acre, evenly spread, and turn over in 20 cm soil layer.
Third, organic fertilizer disinfection. Before the planting, the soil in the shed should be added with organic fertilizer, but the organic fertilizer will bred various sources and sources. Except for full decomposing. Administration preferably 1 to 2 months before, the number of organic fertilizer per cubic meter stand, insecticide spray mixture of 50% phoxim 100 ~ 200g and fungicide carbendazim 50% WP 100 ~ 200g, stack is then prepared.
Fourth, transplanting seedlings "dowry medicine" disinfection: use seedbed seedling characteristics concentrated in before transplanting "dowry medicine," the spraying process, can prevent germs lurking on transplanting seedlings and the latent pests and diseases prevention Huanmiao infection and spread of pests. The use of the dowry medicine is as follows: 1. Preventing a variety of fungal diseases on the seedlings, 7 days before planting, can be used with a mixture of thyroxine (75% chlorothalonil WP and 65% methicillin WP and 25% nail cream) The same amount of the three medicinal WP powders was sprayed on the water 800 times. 2. To prevent bacterial diseases, spray 98% of the original streptomycin powder with water. 3. To prevent viral diseases, spray 3 times of anti-agent 100 times solution, or potassium permanganate 1000 times solution, or 1.5% phytopathic water 1000 times solution before 3 days of planting. In order to control the pests on the seedlings, the insecticide can be killed by applying the symptomatic insecticide to the local seedlings. In order to achieve "free disease and insect free seedlings" colonization.
5. Local disinfection of the planting ditch (point). When the soil at the end of the shed is completely disinfected, the soil in the planting ditch (hole) may be supplemented for local disinfection before planting. 1. Prevention of root knot nematode disease: 1 kg of 1.8% avermectin EC per acre, 500 liters of water is applied to the planting ditch, and then colonized after infiltration. 2. Prevention of blight: a mixture of Jiafu mixture (70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder and 50% thiram double wettable powder) in an amount of 2.5 kg per mu, mixed with 50 kg of fine soil , the back ditch (hole) applied, and mixed with the ditch soil (acupoint soil). It is also possible to use 50% carbendazim WP, or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP, or 50% benzoate WP 1.5 kg, and add 75 kg of fine soil to mix. 3. Prevention of root rot, mixed with more than one enemy per mu (70% dikesone wettable powder and 50% carbendazim WP two powder) 2 kg, mixed with fine soil 50 kg, ditch After the thin soil is towed, the seedlings are planted.
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