The early maturing autumn cabbage has a small proportion in the production of autumn vegetables, and the time to market is earlier, and the planting efficiency is higher. The following describes the high-yield cultivation techniques of early-maturing autumn cabbage.
First, the selection of excellent seeds early maturing Qiqiu cabbage should choose varieties with good early maturity, heat resistance, strong disease resistance, and high yield, such as small miscellaneous varieties, early heart white and so on.
Second, the timely growth of early maturing autumn cabbage is generally 50 to 60 days, the market period should be in the middle of the cultivation of large areas of late autumn cabbage. Premature sowing is easy to induce pests and diseases, and the sowing date is too late, which will delay the listing period and lose the meaning of early maturing cultivation.
The suitable sowing date for early-maturing autumn cabbage is about 10 days before the beginning of autumn, and it is necessary to catch up before the National Day.
Third, balanced fertilization Early-ripening autumn cabbage is a high-yield vegetable variety, generally about 4,000 kg per mu, the demand for fertilizer is large. The principle of fertilization is to pay attention to the base fertilizer and appropriate topdressing. Before planting, combined with 5,000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure and 40 kg of high-nitrogen and low-phosphorus potassium-type ternary compound fertilizer. It is best to use a plot of cruciferous vegetables that has not been planted. For example, if the plot is planted for many years, it is necessary to apply 2 to 3 kilograms of biological fertilizer per acre to improve soil conditions and enhance the ability of cabbage to resist pests and diseases.
Fourth, the field management of early maturing autumn cabbage in the middle of the fertility season in the high temperature, high humidity and rainy season, the roots of cabbage are shallow, not drought-tolerant and not tolerant, such as severe drought and locust weather will lead to the occurrence of pests and diseases, seriously Yield. In production, we can actively improve traditional planting methods, such as the use of sorghum cultivation techniques to ensure that we can protect against drought and encounter drainage. Early-ripe autumn cabbage should be planted on-demand, with 3 to 4 seeds per hole and twice in between. After the seedlings are strictly controlled, the seedlings will be controlled for about 10 days. After entering the rosette period, the key fertilizer and water management will be strengthened. In the initial stage of the rosette, 20 kg of urea or nitrogen and potassium fertilizer will be applied in combination with watering, and 20 kg of urea will be applied in the peak of the ball. In the ball-forming period, the soil is dry and wet, ensuring sufficient water supply and increasing production.
V. Prevention and treatment of insects Early maturing autumn cabbage is under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and the occurrence of pests and diseases is high. For example, aphids, tobacco budworms, cabbage caterpillars and soft rot are common pests and diseases. For aphids, it is possible to spray with imidacloprid 1000 times solution, and insects such as tobacco budworm and cabbage caterpillar are sprayed with beta-cypermethrin 1500 times solution. Chinese cabbage soft rot is extremely common in high-humidity environment. In the early stage of the disease, it can be controlled by agricultural streptomycin spray. Serious rooting should be taken out of the field and buried deep in the field, and the lime can be spread around the diseased area to prevent pathogens. spread.
Sixth, timely harvest early maturing autumn cabbage has a relatively short growth period, generally around 50 to 60 days. When the leaf ball grows to compact porcelain and the outer leaves are yellowed, the weight per plant is about 2 kg, and it can be harvested. When cutting, use a machete or a kitchen knife to cut off the base of the cabbage root, remove the old leaves, diseased leaves and yellow leaves outside, and keep two or three leaves outside the leaf ball to prevent mechanical damage to protect the leaf ball.
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